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Urd Atlas methodology

Field Dictionary

What Urd Atlas delivers, what each important field measures, why it is useful, and whether it drives classification, confidence, context, or provenance.
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How to use this page

Use this page when you already know the field name and need the public meaning, unit semantics, verification class, and interpretation boundaries. For deeper system-level logic, use the Public Methodology Reference page.

Long field paths are shown in wrapping code blocks and cards rather than compact tables, so the page remains readable on laptop and mobile widths.

What exactly do I receive?

Gold · daily observations

One date + chain row of normalized measurements such as transaction activity, fees, utilization, block cadence and chain-specific observational fields.

Use it for: inspecting the evidence beneath a classification or joining the underlying measurements directly.

Derived · ready-made features

MA7/MA30 transformations of the explicitly listed Gold metric set, plus source provenance back to Gold.

Use it for: analysis that needs smoothed features without rebuilding the same rolling calculations.

Meta · classification + evidence

The daily regime, Demand/Friction/Capacity evidence, confidence, drivers, ruleset identifiers and determinism/provenance fields.

Use it for: the date + chain state row you integrate into an analytical system.

Briefs · readable context

Human-readable window summaries generated from already published regime evidence.

Use it for: reporting and narrative context, not as a separate predictive model.

Read the role badge first

Each field card now states whether the field is a regime/scorecard input, a confidence input, observational context, a derived feature, or provenance. A field being delivered does not automatically mean it drives the regime label.

Where Gold fields come from

Every Gold field is derived from two raw tables per chain — blocks and transactions — sourced from the AWS Public Blockchain Dataset. Column names vary slightly across chains and over time; the pipeline resolves a prioritized list of known candidate names per concept (case-insensitive) before falling back to null rather than guessing.

Key Gold fields

Gold is the normalized daily observation layer. Null means unavailable/not applicable for that row; it must not be reinterpreted as zero.

tx_count_daily
Regime · Scorecard · Confidence

Confirmed daily transaction count.

Why useful: Core activity volume and a primary Demand input.

Applies to: BTC · ETH · ARB · BASE

Direct daily chain activity count. Used as the primary activity signal across every chain profile.
block_count_daily
Confidence input

Number of blocks produced that day.

Why useful: Checks whether the daily block observation surface is sufficiently covered.

Applies to: BTC · ETH · ARB · BASE

Used as a required data-quality input for every chain profile. Not a direct Demand/Friction/Capacity driver on its own — it confirms the day's block coverage before other block-derived fields (avg_block_time_sec, gas_utilization_pct) are trusted.
value_transferred_native
Observational context

Sum of transaction value moved that day, in the chain's native denomination.

Why useful: Adds transfer-volume context without changing the current regime label.

Applies to: Where source semantics are available

Optional across all chain profiles: visible when available, never a confidence penalty when absent, and not currently used in the public Demand/Friction/Capacity scorecard. For AWS Ethereum data, transactions.value is sourced in wei and normalized by 1e18 so this field is published in ETH.
median_tx_value_native
Observational context

Typical same-day transaction value in native denomination.

Why useful: Shows the typical native-denominated transaction value; not a current regime driver.

Applies to: Where source semantics are available

Optional for all current chain profiles; visible when available, but not a confidence penalty when absent and not used by the current public Friction scorecard. For AWS Ethereum data, transactions.value is normalized from wei to ETH before the daily median is calculated.
median_tx_fee_native
Regime · Scorecard · Confidence

Typical same-day transaction fee in native denomination.

Why useful: Primary Friction evidence and the direct fee distribution used by current profiles.

Applies to: BTC · ETH · ARB · BASE

Published as a median, not an arithmetic average. Drives the Friction axis for every current chain profile. For Ethereum gas-derived fees, gas price × gas used is a wei amount and is normalized by 1e18 before publication as ETH.
median_tx_fee_rate_sat_vbyte
Observational context

Typical Bitcoin transaction fee rate in satoshis per virtual byte.

Why useful: Lets Bitcoin users inspect fee-rate conditions independently of native fee amount.

Applies to: BTC only

Bitcoin-only observational friction field calculated as the daily median of (fee_BTC × 100,000,000) / virtual_size for valid transactions. Coinbase transactions are excluded when the source flag is available, and non-positive virtual sizes are ignored. The field is null for non-Bitcoin chains and does not yet drive the public regime label, scorecard, or confidence calculation while historical behaviour is being validated.
median_tx_gas_used
Observational context

Typical execution gas consumed by an Ethereum transaction that day.

Why useful: Provides Ethereum execution-intensity context beneath aggregate network state.

Applies to: ETH only

Ethereum-only observational execution-intensity field calculated as the daily median ofreceipt_gas_used, with transaction-level gas_usedused only as a fallback when receipt gas is unavailable. Values are raw gas units, are null for non-Ethereum chains, and do not yet drive the public regime label, scorecard, or confidence calculation while historical behaviour is being validated.
nonempty_calldata_share
Supplemental regime evidence

Share of Ethereum transactions carrying non-empty calldata that day.

Why useful: Can corroborate an ETH HEATING classification when core Demand is already high.

Applies to: ETH only

Ethereum-only observational activity-composition field. A transaction counts as carrying calldata when its input value is non-null and, after trimming, is neither an empty string nor 0x. The metric is published on a 0–1 scale, is null for non-Ethereum chains, and does not identify protocols, tokens, or user intent. Under eth_l1_v2, it is supplemental Demand evidence: it can support HEATING when core Demand is already HIGH/EXTREME_HIGH and calldata trend is HEATING. It is not a standalone Demand axis component in the public scorecard.
contract_creation_tx_share
Observational context

Share of Ethereum transactions that create a contract that day.

Why useful: Shows how much daily Ethereum activity consists of contract creation.

Applies to: ETH only

Ethereum-only observational activity-composition field calculated as the share of transactions with a non-empty receipt_contract_address. It describes contract-deployment activity without identifying protocols, tokens, financial intent, or trading behaviour. Values are published on a 0–1 scale, are null for non-Ethereum chains, and do not yet drive the public regime label, scorecard, or confidence calculation while historical behaviour is being validated.
eip1559_type2_tx_share
Observational context

Share of Ethereum transactions using EIP-1559 dynamic-fee transaction type 2 that day.

Why useful: Tracks transaction-envelope adoption without inferring protocol or user intent.

Applies to: ETH only

Ethereum-only observational transaction-composition field derived from transaction_type, with type as a schema-compatibility fallback. Numeric 2 and equivalent hex encodings such as 0x2 count as type 2. Values are published on a 0–1 scale, are null for non-Ethereum chains, and describe transaction-envelope adoption only; they do not identify protocols, tokens, financial intent, or trading behaviour. The field does not yet drive the public regime label, scorecard, or confidence calculation while historical behaviour is being validated.
failed_tx_rate
Regime · Scorecard · Confidence

Share of transactions that did not succeed.

Why useful: Adds execution-failure burden to Ethereum Friction.

Applies to: ETH L1

Drives the Friction axis for Ethereum L1 only (weight 0.7, alongside median_tx_fee_native). Structurally not applicable for Bitcoin (no execution failures in the UTXO model) and currently presentation-hidden for Arbitrum and Base while L2 failure semantics are still being validated.
gas_utilization_pct
Regime · Scorecard · Confidence

Share of a block's gas capacity actually used.

Why useful: Primary Ethereum Capacity proxy.

Applies to: ETH L1

Drives the Capacity axis for Ethereum L1 (weight 1.0). Always null for Bitcoin (no gas mechanism). For Arbitrum and Base this is computed when source fields are available but currently presentation-hidden; the public L2 Capacity axis instead uses capacity_util_pct.
median_block_base_fee_per_gas
Observational context

Typical Ethereum protocol base fee per unit of gas across blocks produced that day.

Why useful: Shows the protocol-set Ethereum base gas price before priority fees.

Applies to: ETH only

Ethereum-only observational transaction-cost field calculated as the daily median of blockbase_fee_per_gas. It describes the protocol-set base price for gas before transaction-specific priority fees. Values are published in the raw chain unit from the source schema, are null for non-Ethereum chains, and do not yet drive the public regime label, scorecard, or confidence calculation while historical behaviour is being validated.
block_gas_utilization_p90
Observational context

90th-percentile Ethereum block gas utilization for the day.

Why useful: Retains upper-tail Ethereum blockspace pressure that an average can hide.

Applies to: ETH only

Ethereum-only observational blockspace-stress field. It is calculated from each valid block's gas_used / gas_limit ratio and reports the daily 90th percentile on a 0–1 scale. This complements the daily aggregate gas-utilization field by retaining upper-tail load information. It does not yet drive the public regime label, scorecard, or confidence calculation while historical behaviour is being validated.
block_weight_utilization_pct
Regime · Scorecard

Average share of Bitcoin's maximum block weight used across blocks produced that day.

Why useful: Measures Bitcoin blockspace occupancy and contributes to Capacity pressure.

Applies to: BTC only

Bitcoin-only capacity field calculated from block weight divided by the 4,000,000 weight-unit consensus maximum. Published on a 0–1 scale and null for non-Bitcoin chains. It drives the BTC Capacity axis with weight 1.0 alongside block-time instability. High block-weight utilization can veto a CHEAP classification, while block weight alone does not create a CONGESTED classification.
unique_active_addresses
Regime evidence · Scorecard · Confidence

Count of distinct addresses that sent or received a transaction that day.

Why useful: Adds breadth of observed address activity; addresses are not equivalent to users.

Applies to: BTC classifier · ETH/L2 classifier + scorecard

Used as Demand evidence by the current regime classifier for BTC, Ethereum L1 and both L2s. In the public scorecard it is weighted directly (1.0) for Ethereum/L2 and also feedstx_per_user (0.6); the BTC scorecard itself still usestx_count_daily as its sole Demand component. This counts addresses, not people or unique users.
avg_block_time_sec
Confidence · transformed Capacity evidence

Typical daily inter-block interval behaviour.

Why useful: Feeds block-time instability and confirms expected block-cadence coverage.

Applies to: BTC · ETH · ARB · BASE

Inter-block cadence field. It is not read as a raw directional congestion metric; it feeds the derived blocktime_instability evidence surface and is also a required data-quality field in current Confidence v3 profiles.

Chain-specific delivered extension fields

These fields can appear in published Gold artifacts but are produced outside the canonical CANON_COLS aggregation surface. They are documented separately so the distinction remains explicit and auditable.

capacity_util_pct
Regime · Scorecard · Confidence

Public L2 capacity-utilization observation used by the L2 methodology when available.

Why useful: Canonical public L2 Capacity field when available.

Applies to: ARB · BASE

Arbitrum/Base-only Capacity field for the current l2_v1 profile. It is the canonical L2 Capacity input for regime classification, scorecard construction and Confidence v3 data-quality coverage. A null value means that observation is unavailable for the row; consumers should not reinterpret null as zero or spare capacity.
arbitrum_l1_gas_used_daily
Observational context

Daily L1 gas footprint associated with the Arbitrum data surface.

Why useful: Exposes Arbitrum L1 gas footprint as a delivered measurement without making it a regime driver.

Applies to: ARB only

Arbitrum-only delivered observational field. It is useful for L1-footprint context but is not a current public Demand/Friction/Capacity driver or required confidence input.
base_l1_gas_used_daily
Observational context

Daily L1 gas footprint associated with the Base data surface.

Why useful: Exposes Base L1 gas footprint as a delivered measurement without making it a regime driver.

Applies to: BASE only

Base-only delivered observational field. It is useful for L1-footprint context but is not a current public Demand/Friction/Capacity driver or required confidence input.

Key Derived fields

Derived is deliberately simpler than Gold: it publishes reusable rolling features only for the metric set declared in each artifact's source metadata.

derived.metrics.<metric>__ma7
Derived feature

Seven-day rolling mean of a published numeric Gold metric included by the Derived producer.

Why useful: Ready-to-join 7-day smoothing of a published Gold metric.

Applies to: Published Derived metric set

Computed from final published Gold rows with min_periods=1 over available finite values. Use it for short-window smoothing without rebuilding the transformation yourself.
derived.metrics.<metric>__ma30
Derived feature

Thirty-day rolling mean of the same published Gold metric.

Why useful: Ready-to-join 30-day smoothing for slower context and comparisons.

Applies to: Published Derived metric set

Provides slower context for comparisons with the 7-day series. The exact included metric set is recorded in derived.source.metric_columns.
derived.source.gold_sha256
Provenance

SHA-256 link to the Gold input state used by the Derived artifact.

Why useful: Links a Derived artifact back to the exact Gold input state used to produce it.

Applies to: BTC · ETH · ARB · BASE

Use it for provenance and reproducibility when a downstream analysis depends on a particular Derived row.
derived.source.metric_columns
Provenance

Explicit list of Gold metrics included in that Derived build.

Why useful: States exactly which Gold columns were included in the Derived build.

Applies to: BTC · ETH · ARB · BASE

This is the authoritative row-level answer to which Gold measurements received MA7/MA30 features; do not assume every numeric-looking observational field is included.

Which field drives which axis, per chain

The same nine Gold metric fields are not used identically across chains. Each chain profile (BTC, ETH L1, L2) has its own Demand / Friction / Capacity component list, weights, and transform. This table mirrors PROFILE_COMPONENTS in the scoring engine directly, so documentation drift is caught by the field-dictionary sync gate.

Chain profileDemandFrictionCapacity
Bitcoin / BTC
  • tx_count_daily weight 1.0; transform log1p
  • median_tx_fee_native weight 1.0; transform log1p
  • block_weight_utilization_pct weight 1.0; transform none
  • blocktime_instability weight 0.7; transform instability
Ethereum L1
  • tx_count_daily weight 1.0; transform log1p
  • unique_active_addresses weight 1.0; transform log1p
  • tx_per_user weight 0.6; transform log1p
  • median_tx_fee_native weight 1.0; transform log1p
  • failed_tx_rate weight 0.7; transform none
  • gas_utilization_pct weight 1.0; transform none
  • blocktime_instability weight 0.3; transform instability
Arbitrum / L2
  • tx_count_daily weight 1.0; transform log1p
  • unique_active_addresses weight 1.0; transform log1p
  • tx_per_user weight 0.6; transform log1p
  • median_tx_fee_native weight 1.0; transform log1p
  • capacity_util_pct weight 1.0; transform none
Base / L2
  • tx_count_daily weight 1.0; transform log1p
  • unique_active_addresses weight 1.0; transform log1p
  • tx_per_user weight 0.6; transform log1p
  • median_tx_fee_native weight 1.0; transform log1p
  • capacity_util_pct weight 1.0; transform none

Key Meta fields

confidence.confidence_score
Headline reliability

Top-line confidence of the published analytical state.

Why useful: Helps downstream users decide how much weight to place on the published row.

Applies to: Meta

Confidence v3 uses sqrt(data_quality_score × label_confidence_score). The gate threshold remains 0.40.
confidence.methodology_version
Methodology provenance

Specific confidence methodology used for the row.

Why useful: Identifies the exact confidence rules used for this row.

Applies to: Meta

Current value is confidence_v3_l2_capacity_required for current rows.
confidence.data_quality_score
Confidence component

Profile-aware data completeness and freshness score.

Why useful: Separates data sufficiency from label-evidence clarity.

Applies to: Meta

Measures whether the chain-specific evidence surface is complete, fresh, dense, and historically deep enough. Structurally non-applicable fields are excluded from the denominator.
confidence.label_confidence_score
Confidence component

Label-specific evidence clarity score.

Why useful: Shows how clearly the evidence supports the candidate/published label.

Applies to: Meta

Measures whether the evidence supports the specific published label. HEATING, CONGESTED, CHEAP, and STABLE are evaluated against different evidence patterns.
confidence.candidate_label.label
Audit field

The label supported by the evidence before the confidence gate is applied.

Why useful: Shows the pre-gate candidate when a stronger public label may be withheld.

Applies to: Meta

Used for auditability when the normal label is withheld as UNKNOWN/DEGRADED or when users need to inspect thin-margin classifications.
confidence.components.data_quality.required_metrics
Audit field

Chain-specific metric list used for data-quality coverage.

Why useful: Makes the chain-specific confidence denominator inspectable.

Applies to: Meta

These are the fields that count toward data-quality coverage for the chain profile. The list can differ across BTC, ETH L1, and L2 profiles.
confidence.components.data_quality.structurally_not_applicable
Audit field

Fields that do not belong in the chain-specific confidence denominator.

Why useful: Explains why non-applicable fields do not count as missing evidence.

Applies to: Meta

Example: EVM-only execution fields are not data-quality penalties for Bitcoin. They are excluded because the product methodology does not treat them as expected BTC evidence.
confidence.components.data_quality.optional_not_penalized
Audit field

Visible fields that are not treated as required confidence inputs for the current chain profile.

Why useful: Shows which visible fields may be absent without reducing data quality.

Applies to: Meta

These fields may still be published or useful, but absence does not automatically reduce data quality under Confidence v3.
confidence.components.label_confidence.uses_score_raw
Audit field

Whether label confidence was evaluated from raw scorecard evidence.

Why useful: Confirms whether label confidence used raw rather than degraded display scores.

Applies to: Meta

Current Confidence v3 rows use raw scorecard/regime evidence, not confidence-degraded display scores.
confidence.components.label_confidence.used
Audit field

Component values used inside the label-specific confidence calculation.

Why useful: Exposes the label-specific components that entered confidence.

Applies to: Meta

The names vary by label family. STABLE emphasizes neutrality and lack of strong drivers; HEATING emphasizes demand/trend evidence; CONGESTED and CHEAP emphasize their relevant friction/capacity evidence.
status.one_liner
Readable explanation

Readable public explanation of the current status.

Why useful: Gives a concise human interpretation of the same published evidence.

Applies to: Meta

Now distinguishes adjacent scorecard pressure from actual regime-threshold crossings. A STABLE label can include elevated scorecard pressure if the regime-axis threshold was not crossed.
status.explanation_support.status_note
Explanation provenance

Machine-readable copy source for nuanced status explanation.

Why useful: Preserves machine-readable support for nuanced status copy.

Applies to: Meta

Used when status needs to explain why a scorecard axis looks elevated or low while the regime label remains STABLE.
regime.label
Primary product field

Published descriptive state.

Why useful: The daily network-state classification joined on date + chain.

Applies to: Meta

May change day to day when threshold conditions change. Rows below the confidence gate can be withheld as UNKNOWN/DEGRADED.
regime.determinism_hash
Integrity provenance

Canonical public integrity anchor for named regime rows.

Why useful: Provides a canonical traceability anchor for a named regime row.

Applies to: Meta

Used for public row traceability when a non-gated label is published.

Key Briefs fields

schema
Artifact contract

Brief artifact schema identifier.

Why useful: Identifies which Briefs schema a consumer is parsing.

Applies to: Briefs

Used to distinguish chain 7-day briefs, cross-chain briefs, site briefs, and manifest files.
brief_status
Publication state

Publication state for a Briefs JSON artifact.

Why useful: Tells consumers whether a Briefs artifact was published normally.

Applies to: Briefs

A published brief is generated from already published regime evidence.
window.updated_through
Freshness

Latest date covered by the brief window.

Why useful: Prevents stale or differently lagged windows from being compared blindly.

Applies to: Briefs

Use this to understand freshness before comparing chains with different publication lag.
regime_path.dominant_label
Window context

Most common regime label inside the brief window.

Why useful: Summarizes the most common descriptive state inside the brief window.

Applies to: Briefs

This is descriptive window context, not a trading signal or forecast.
movement.type
Readable context

Readable movement classification for the latest window.

Why useful: Summarizes whether the recent regime path is stable, shifting or degraded.

Applies to: Briefs

Summarizes whether the latest regime path is stable, shifting, degraded, or low confidence.

Field note: Confidence v3

Composite confidence

confidence.confidence_score is not a standalone judgement. It is the geometric mean of data quality and label confidence.

sqrt(data_quality_score × label_confidence_score)

A row can therefore have perfect data quality and still have moderate confidence if the label evidence is thin, adjacent, or mixed.

Profile-aware data quality

confidence.components.data_quality.required_metrics lists the metrics that actually count toward coverage for this chain profile.

structurally_not_applicable fields are excluded from the denominator. optional_not_penalized fields remain visible but do not reduce confidence when absent.

Important interpretation warning

A higher data_quality_score under Confidence v3 does not mean the model became more optimistic. It means the data-quality denominator now matches the evidence surface that is actually meaningful for that chain.

Field note: status explanations

status.one_liner is the public readable explanation of the current state. For borderline stable rows it can now explicitly state that the scorecard shows adjacent pressure while the regime-axis evidence did not cross the threshold forHEATING, CHEAP, or CONGESTED.

Why this matters

The scorecard is a continuous descriptive surface. The regime label is a categorical thresholded state. They should be read together, but they are not identical. The status text is allowed to explain that distinction.

Field note: scorecard dimensions

scorecard.dimensions.<axis>.score is the published confidence-degraded display score for an axis.

scorecard.dimensions.<axis>.score
Display evidenceClass A

Published confidence-degraded display score for an axis.

Why useful: Continuous Demand/Friction/Capacity context after confidence degradation.

Applies to: Meta

Recomputable from the published inputs score_raw and effective_confidence using the display-score formula below.
scorecard.dimensions.<axis>.score_raw
Methodology evidenceClass C

Raw score before confidence degradation.

Why useful: Preserves the pre-degradation axis score used in analytical interpretation.

Applies to: Meta

Used by Confidence v3 as part of label confidence. The historical normalization and calibration are publicly described in family terms, but not fully disclosed at implementation detail.
50 + (raw - 50) × effective_confidence

Interpretation boundary

Customers can fully verify the published display score from published row inputs. That does not mean the entire raw-score construction is fully reconstructable from public documentation alone.

Field note: regime drivers z robust

Driver z-score

regime.drivers[].z_robust is the driver-layer z-score published for a regime driver row. It is computed from 180-day raw daily values, not from the 7-day smoothed scorecard series.

Important comparison warning

Do not expect regime.drivers[].z_robust to numerically match a scorecard dimension score or the internal z-family behind that score. The driver z-score and the scorecard normalization use different input series, different windows, and different purposes.

Field note: current Friction fee semantics

Direct fee distribution

Current BTC, Ethereum and L2 public Friction profiles use median_tx_fee_nativedirectly (with a log1p transform in the scorecard). Ethereum also includesfailed_tx_rate as a second Friction component.

fee_burden_proxy may still appear as a compatibility alias in some mapping metadata, but under the current production profiles it resolves tomedian_tx_fee_native; it is not the old fee/value ratio.

Why this matters

Consumers should interpret current Friction against the chain's own historical fee distribution, not as fee divided by transaction value. This keeps the Field Dictionary aligned with the current scorecard and regime engines.

Field note: Bitcoin blocktime instability

BTC capacity component

For BTC capacity interpretation, the Capacity axis combines direct blockspace occupancy from block_weight_utilization_pct with blocktime_instability. Raw block time is not scored directionally, and BTC does not use gas utilization.

|block_time - median30(block_time)| / median30(block_time)

The field is then smoothed before scoring.

Directional consequence

BTC Capacity therefore combines blockspace occupancy with unusual block-time behaviour around the recent norm. High Capacity can veto CHEAP, but block-weight pressure alone does not create CONGESTED; simultaneous Friction pressure is also required by the BTC regime rule.

Field note: regime label stability

regime.label is a daily descriptive state, not a built-in multi-day stable segmentation layer.

Downstream use warning

Labels can change day to day in response to threshold crossings. This matters most for CONGESTED and CHEAP, which do not have a separate universal multi-day confirmation window. HEATING depends in part on a trend condition and therefore has a different stability profile. Customers who need multi-day regime stability should apply their own minimum-duration or smoothing rule.